Papules/pustules/nodules driven by oil, C. acnes, and inflammation.
Keratosis Pilaris
What it is
Rough “chicken skin” from keratin plugs in follicles.
Melasma
What it is
Hormone-/UV-linked patchy hyperpigmentation, often on cheeks, forehead, upper lip.
Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)
What it is
A water-soluble form of vitamin B3 that strengthens the skin barrier, reduces inflammation, moderates oil, and helps slow melanosome transfer (the step that makes spots look darker).